Published Date: 2018-07-29 14:54:45
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Gambia: (MC) bovine, st. pending, OIE
Archive Number: 20180729.5934180
FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE - GAMBIA: (CENTRAL RIVER) BOVINE, SEROTYPE PENDING, OIE
A ProMED-mail post http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases http://www.isid.org
Date: Fri 27 Jul 2018
Source: OIE, WAHID [edited]
http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=27355
Foot-and-mouth disease, Gambia
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Information received on [and dated] 27 Jul 2018 from Dr Abdou Ceesay, Director General (CVO), Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Abuko, Gambia
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 13 Jul 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 21 Jul 2018
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 2015
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot-and-mouth disease virus
Serotype: pending
Nature of diagnosis: clinical
This event pertains to the whole country.
New outbreaks (2)
Outbreak 1: Njallal Samba, Niani, [Central River]
Date of start of the outbreak: 13 Jul 2018
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Total animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 1300 / 110 / 22 / 0 / 0
Affected population: Both young and adults affected; in a traditional subsistence production system; both Ndama and Zebu/Ndama crosses of both sexes.
Outbreak 2: Ndowen, Niani
Date of start of the outbreak: 13 Jul 2018
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Total animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 1400 / 330 / 44 / 0 / 0
Affected population: Both young and adult animals of both sexes affected. Mainly traditional subsistence production system practiced; use of open kraals.
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks: 2
Total animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 2700 / 440 / 66 / 0 / 0
Outbreak statistics [rates apparent, expressed as percentages]
Species / Morbidity rate / Mortality rate / Case fatality rate / Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Cattle / 16.30 / 2.44 / 15 / 2.44
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction, and/or slaughter
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: Unknown or inconclusive
Control measures
Measures applied: movement control inside the country; surveillance outside containment and/or protection zone; ante and post-mortem inspections; vaccination permitted (if a vaccine exists); no treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied: no other measures
Future reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
[The location of the outbreaks can be seen on the interactive map included in the OIE report at the source URL above.]
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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
["Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is the most contagious disease of mammals and has a great potential for causing severe economic loss in susceptible cloven-hoofed animals. There are 7 serotypes of FMD virus (FMDV), namely, O, A, C, SAT 1, SAT 2, SAT 3 and Asia 1. Infection with one serotype does not confer immunity against another. FMD cannot be differentiated clinically from other vesicular diseases, such as swine vesicular disease, vesicular stomatitis and vesicular exanthema. Laboratory diagnosis of any suspected FMD case is, therefore, a matter of urgency." http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.01.08_FMD.pdf
Although the information on FMD serotypes in Gambia is sparse, Gambia belongs to Pool 5 (West/Central Africa) where serotypes O, A, SAT 1 and SAT 2 circulate.
"Pools represent independently circulating and evolving foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) genotypes; within the pools, cycles of emergence and spread occur that usually affect multiple countries in the region. In the absence of specific reports, it should be assumed that the serotypes indicated below are continuously circulating in parts of the pool area and would be detected if sufficient surveillance was in place." http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/eufmd/FMD_reports_GMR/May_GMR_2018_270618.pdf. - Mod.CRD
HealthMap/ProMED map available at:
Central River Division, Gambia: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/51883]